Fig. 1

Bacterial cellulose sheets are made by cellulose chains produced by bacteria. A Bacterial cellulose initially forms cellulose chains that through hydrogen bonding turn into microfibrils which consequently form larger, well-spaced ribbons/nanofibres and ultimately cellulose sheets. B The repeated monomeric structure of cellulose then forms a cellulose chain. C A piece of freeze-dried cellulose sheet after overnight dehydration. D BC is most similar in stiffness to the brain as compared to other commonly used biomaterials for fabrication of medical devices. Furthermore, BC is highly biocompatible and therefore is an optimal material for the fabrication of prosthetics that require moulding to brain regions