Fig. 2

Muse cells promote the regeneration of skin lesions in AD mice and reduce the expression of spinal and skin proinflammatory cytokines. A The histological changes in the skin of AD mice were recorded by photos. After the administration of DNFB, erythema of the back skin and edema in the ear pinna were markedly increased. Skin lesions on the back of the neck were consecutively photographed 5 days after subcutaneous administration of PBS (vehicle) and Muse cells in AD mice for pathological evaluation. Compared with those in the vehicle group, changes in the symptoms of wound healing, bleeding, erosion and dryness on the back skin in the Muse group were significantly relieved. Scale bar = 1 cm. Real-time PCR analysis of spinal B and skin C levels of the cytokines IL-6, IL-17α, IL-33, and IL-1β. B Spinal levels of the cytokines IL-6, IL-17α, and IL-33 were significantly reduced in response to Muse cell treatment. The cytokine IL-1β was not different between the two groups. C Skin levels of the cytokines IL-6, IL-17α, IL-33, and IL-1β were significantly reduced in response to Muse cell treatment. The results were normalized to Gapdh and are shown as ratios relative to vehicle (PBS-treated) mice under chronic itch conditions. Two-tailed Student’s t-test; ***p < 0.001, **p < 0.01 versus vehicle group; n = 3–5 mice per group. The data are presented as the mean ± s.e.m. D The dermatitis score shows the therapeutic effect of Muse cells or PBS on AD mice. Muse cell treatment had a significant effect on the recovery of diseased skin. Similar to the behavioral results, the therapeutic effect of Muse cells lasted for 4 days. Two-way ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni test; ***p < 0.001versus vehicle group; n = 6 mice per group. The data are presented as the mean ± s.e.m. Arrow indicates the time of Muse injection. E A skin wound injury model was used to check the effects of Muse cells on skin wound healing. Compared with the control group, subcutaneous injection of Muse cells could significantly promote skin wound healing. Two-way ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni test; ***p < 0.001versus vehicle group; n = 4 mice per group. Arrow indicates the time point of Muse cells or PBS injection. The data are presented as the mean ± s.e.m