Fig. 2

Effects of 2D and 3D culture on cell characteristics. a Compared with 2D-cultured ASCs, the diameter of 3D-cultured ASCs was relatively uniform and was reduced by 30.5% (p < 0.0001). b The relative mRNA expression levels of BDNF was significantly higher in the Microtissue group than 2D group (p < 0.01). c The relative mRNA expression levels of VEGF was significantly higher in the Microtissue group than 2D group (p < 0.05). d The relative mRNA expression levels of IL-4 was significantly higher in the Microtissue group than 2D group (p < 0.05). e The relative mRNA expression levels of IL-10 was significantly higher in the Microtissue group than 2D group (p < 0.05). f The relative mRNA expression levels of IL-13 was significantly higher in the Microtissue group than 2D group (p < 0.05). g The concentrations of BDNF secreted by 3D-cultured ASCs were significantly higher than 2D-cultured ASCs on day 1, day 3 and day 5, respectively (Day 1, p < 0.001; Day 3, p < 0.05; Day 5, p < 0.0001). h The concentrations of NGF secreted by 3D-cultured ASCs were significantly higher than 2D-cultured ASCs on day 1, day 3 and day 5, respectively (Day 1, p < 0.0001; Day 3, p < 0.05; Day 5, p < 0.0001). i The concentrations of VEGF secreted by 3D-cultured ASCs were significantly higher than 2D-cultured ASCs on day 1, day 3 and day 5, respectively (Day 1, p < 0.01; Day 3, p < 0.0001; Day 5, p < 0.0001). j The concentrations of IL-13 secreted by 3D-cultured ASCs were significantly higher than 2D-cultured ASCs on day 1, day 3 and day 5, respectively (Day 1, p < 0.001; Day 3, p < 0.01; Day 5, p < 0.001)