Table 1 Summary of the relations between the different Amnio-M derived cytokines and their biological functions

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)

Wound healing

Amnio-M

[2, 90]

Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)

Pro-angiogenic activity

[5]

\(\alpha\) 1 anti-trypsin

Protease inhibitors suppress the IL-1-mediated inflammation

[93]

Inter-\(\alpha\) -trypsin inhibitor

IL-1 inhibitors (IL-1RA)

Fibroblast growth factor 6 (FGF-6)

Increase regeneration potential, Induce HUVEC cell migration

Amnio-M secretome

[6]

Platelet-derived growth factor AB (PDGF-AB)

Macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (M-CSFR)

Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR3)

Neurotrophin-4 (NT-4)

Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 4 (IGFBP-4)

Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 6 (IGFBP-6)

Elafin

Antibacterial effect

[109]

Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI)

Anti-inflammatory

[6, 92]

Interleukin 10 (IL-10)

Endostatin

Anti-angiogenic

[103]

Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteases (TIMP-1, 2, 3, 4)

Thrombospondin -1

Human β-Defensin 2, 3

Antibacterial effect

[109]

Cathelicidic LL-37

Collagen XVIII

Anti-angiogenic

AMCs and AECs

[102]

Hyaluronic acid (HA)

Anti-fibrotic

Amnio-M matrix

[91]

Fibronectin

Activation of the ERK pathway

[105]

AECs-derived exosomes

Anti-fibrotic

AECs secretome

[96]