Fig. 1From: Stem cell-derived and circulating exosomal microRNAs as new potential tools for diabetic nephropathy managementStem cell-derived exosomes containing renoprotective miRs against diabetic nephropathy. The adMSCs-secreted exosomes transfer renoprotective miR-125a to injured mesangial cells where this miR directly binds to HDAC1 and further downregulates ET-1 expression, resulting in amelioration of mesangial hyperplasia. On the other hand, renoprotective exosomal microRNAs (Exo-miRs) secreted by ADSCs (Exo-miR-486 and Exo-miR-215-5p), hUSCs (Exo-miR-16-5p), and BMSCs (Exo-miR-let-7a) are transferred to injured podocytes, where these miRs suppress cell apoptosis and consequently inhibits renal damage. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells, adMSCs; adipose-derived stem cells, ADSCs; human urine‐derived stem cells, hUSCs; microRNAs, miRs; bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, BMSCs; histone deacetylase 1, HDAC1; endothelin-1, ET-1Back to article page