Fig. 1

Sin3a is required for somatic cell reprogramming. A The expression patterns of Sin3a, endo-Oct4, endo-Sox2, and Nanog at the indicated days (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12) of OSKM-driven MEF reprogramming. B The expression of Sin3a in reprogrammed MEFs infected with scramble (shCtrl) or shSin3a (shSin3a-1 and shSin3a-2) viruses at Day 3 of reprogramming. C Western blotting analysis of SIN3A expression at Day 3 of reprogramming after Sin3a knockdown. GAPDH was used as loading control. D–E Representative AP staining (red) images are shown (D) and the number of AP⁺ colonies was counted (E) at Day 12 of MEF reprogramming. F The morphology of GFP⁺ iPSC colonies is shown (left). The number of GFP⁺ colonies was counted at Day 12 (right). G qRT-PCR analysis of pluripotency markers (endo-Oct4, Rex1, Nanog, Sall4, Esrrb, and Tcl1) at Day 12 of MEF reprogramming. Data in A–G presented for three independent experiments. Significance was estimated by student’s unpaired t test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001 versus the control group. Error bars represent SD. Abbreviations: shCtrl, control shRNA; OSKM, Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc; AP, alkaline phosphatase; MEF, mouse embryonic fibroblasts; ns, no significance