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Table 2 Summary of published clinical trials of MSCs in the treatment of COVID-19

From: Clinical efficacy and mechanism of mesenchymal stromal cells in treatment of COVID-19

Registration No

Country

Patients

Types of trials

Age(control/MSC)

Sex (M/F)

Number(control/MSC)

Methods

ChiCTR2000031494

China

Severe

A single-center open-label, individually randomized, standard treatment-controlled trial

57.86 ± 15.79/61.00 ± 17.87

24/19

29/12

Intravenous administration was used. Before the intravenous drip, the hUC-MSCs were suspended in 100 ml of normal saline, and the total number of transplanted cells was calculated as 2 × 106 cells/kg. The infusion was from the patients’ right cubital veins and lasted approximately 1 h (35 drops/min)

NA

Iran

ARDS

A phase 1, two-center, open-label, single-arm trial

53.80 ± 10.37

8/3

11

The UC-MSCs were suspended in 100 ml normal saline with 5% w/w human serum albumin for each infusion. The PL-MSCs were suspended in 100 ml of normal saline supplemented with 2% w/w human serum albumin for each infusion. Three intravenous infusions (200 × 106 cells) every other day for a total of 600 × 106 cells. (UC-MSCs; 6 cases) or (PL-MSCs; 5 cases). The infusion time was approximately 30–45 min at a speed of approximately 50 drops/min

NCT04252118

China

Moderate, severe

A parallel assigned controlled, non-randomized, phase 1 clinical trial

 

11/7

9/9

Received three cycles of intravenous infusion of allogeneic UC-MSCs (3 × 107cells each infusion) on days 0, 3, and 6. The total volume of the UC-MSCs infusion was 60 ml

NCT04288102

China

Severe

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial

59.94/60.72

56/44

35/65

The treatment dose was 4.0 × 107 cells for each procedure, and three procedures were carried out for each patient on day 0, 3, and 6 after randomization. Infusion was started with a standard blood filter tubing set with a pore size of 170 μm. Under electrocardiographic monitoring, the cell product was infused by gravity within 60 min

NCT04392778

Turkey

Critical ill

A prospective double-controlled trial

 

19/11

10/10/10

Three consecutive doses on treatment days 0, 3, and 6, (as 3 × 106cells/kg, intravenously)

ChiCTR2000029606

China

Severe, critically ill

A multicenter, open-label, nonrandomized, and parallel controlled phase I clinical trial

61.11/58.31

30/14

18/26

Menstrual blood-derived MSC were administered as three infusions totaling 9 × 107MSCs every other day (day 1, day 3, and day 5). Each infusion contained 3 × 107cells resuspended in 500 mL saline solution and was performed at a speed of 30–40 drops/min for about 15 min, followed by a speed of 100–120 drops/min for 2 h to retain MSC vitality

NCT04355728

USA

ARDS

A double-blind, phase 1/2a, randomized controlled trial

58.83 ± 11.61/58.58 ± 15.93

13/11

12/12

Two intravenous infusions of 100 ± 20 × 106UC-MSCs each, in 50 mL vehicle solution containing human serum albumin and heparin, infused over 10 ± 5 min, at days 0 and 3