Fig. 4From: Melatonin enhances osteogenic differentiation of dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells by regulating MAPK pathways and promotes the efficiency of bone regeneration in calvarial bone defectsEffect of melatonin (0, 100, 10, and 1 μM) on ALP activity of DPSCs at 1 and 3 days after incubation with and without osteogenic differentiation medium. a Melatonin at 100 μM significantly enhanced ALP activity of DPSCs with osteogenic differentiation medium after 1 day of culture. b Melatonin at 100, 10, and 1 μM significantly enhanced ALP activity of DPSCs with osteogenic differentiation medium after 3 days of culture. (ALP alkaline phosphatase, GM growth medium, OM osteogenic medium, Mel melatonin) (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01)Back to article page