Table 1 Risk factors in pulmonary fibrosis
From: Application of Wharton jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells in patients with pulmonary fibrosis
External risk factors | Internal risk factors | Co-morbidities |
|---|---|---|
Cigarette smoking | Genetics | Gastroesophageal reflux |
Environmental pollutants | Aging | Obstructive sleep apnea |
Air pollution | Sex | Diabetes mellitus |
Drugs | Lung microbiome | Virus infection |
Certain occupations | Â | Chronic aspiration |
Cancer treatments (radiation treatments) | Â | Â |