Fig. 6From: MicroRNA-146a-5p-modified human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells enhance protection against diabetic nephropathy in rats through facilitating M2 macrophage polarizationTRAF6 is required for UC-MSCs-derived miR-146a-5p-mediated M2 macrophage polarization. RAW264.7 cells were transfected with TRAF6 siRNA or negative control (NC) siRNA, and then treated with CM derived from miR-146a-5p inhibitor transfected-UC-MSCs. a Relative mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines and M1/M2 macrophage markers including iNOS, IL-1β, TNF-α, and ARG1 in RAW264.7. b Relative protein expression and semi-quantitative analysis of INOS, ARG1, and p-STAT1 in RAW264.7. Data presented as mean ± SD in each group. Results in vitro are representative of three independent experiments. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01Back to article page