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Table 1 Preclinical advances in scaffold-free stem cell therapy in the last 5 years

From: Meniscus repair: up-to-date advances in stem cell-based therapy

Injury model

Animal

Cell source

Cell density

Implant form

Stimuli

Duration

Year/References

4 mm longitudinal meniscus tear

Rabbit

BMSCs

–

Bone marrow aspirate concentrate

–

12 weeks

2019/[89]

Meniscus tears

Rat meniscus explant

C-PCs

1.0 × 105

Co-culture

Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1)

20 days

2018/[91]

Partial meniscectomy

Rabbit

ADSCs

–

High-density mesenchymal stem cell, scaffold-free allograft constructs

–

12 weeks

2016/[93]

Punctuated injury

Minipig

SMSCs

2.0 × 107

Suspension

–

8 weeks

2021/[94]

Partial meniscectomy

Cynomolgus

SMSCs

2.5 × 105

Aggregates

–

16 weeks

2017/[95]