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Fig. 1 | Stem Cell Research & Therapy

Fig. 1

From: Retinoic acid inhibits the angiogenesis of human embryonic stem cell-derived endothelial cells by activating FBP1-mediated gluconeogenesis

Fig. 1

RA inhibited angiogenesis. a Schematic diagram of the process for differentiating human embryonic stem cells into endothelial cells. b Representative flow cytometric plots of the expression of the endothelial markers CD144 and CD34 after sorting with an anti-CD34 antibody. c Representative photographs of immunocytochemistry of human CD31 (green) and Dil-ac-LDL (red) staining. Nuclei were stained with Hoechst 33342. Scale bar, 50 µm. d Representative photographs of endothelial spheroids. Scale bar, 100 μm. e Statistical analysis of the total sprout length and sprout/spheroid ratio. f Representative photographs of wound healing. Scale bar, 100 µm. g Statistical analysis of the scratch area and migration rate. h Cell cycle analysis. i Statistical analysis of different cell cycle phases. j Correlation heatmap of the transcript levels of 288 significantly differentially expressed genes in RA-treated ECs versus control ECs. Color scale: red, high correlation; blue, low correlation. k GO biological processes enriched with upregulated genes. Significance is shown as—log10 Bonferroni-corrected P value after multiple hypothesis correction. l GO biological processes enriched with downregulated genes. Significance is shown as the—log10 Bonferroni-corrected P value after multiple hypothesis correction. All data are presented as mean ± SEM; One-way ANOVA; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ns, not significant

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