Fig. 8

Brain edema and neuronal precursor cell biomarkers in brain hemorrhagic zone by day 28 after ICH induction. A–D Illustrating the immunofluorescent (IF) microscopic finding (400 ×) for identification of the expression of doublecortin cells (green color). E Analytical result of number of doublecortin + cells, *versus other groups with different symbols (†, ‡, §), p < 0.0001. F–I Illustrating the IF microscopic finding (400 ×) for identification of the cellular expression of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) (green color). J Analytical result of number of AQP4+ cells, *versus other groups with different symbols (†, ‡, §), p < 0.0001. Scale bar in right lower corner represents 20 µm. HPF = high-power field. All statistical analyses were performed by one-way ANOVA, followed by Bonferroni multiple comparison post hoc test (n = 6 for each group). Symbols [(*, †, ‡, §) indicate significance (at 0.05 level). IA = intra-carotid arterial administration; IV intravenous (i.e., tail vein) administration; SC = sham control; ICH = intracranial hemorrhage; Ir-MNa-hUC-MSC = Ironic Magnetic Nanoparticles/human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells