Fig. 1
From: Application of stem cells and exosomes in the treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage: an update
Stem cells and stem cell-derived exosomes are used to treat ICH mice. Phase 1: Cell extraction: stem cell extraction from various sources followed by cultivation and extraction of stem cells or exosomes as required (③, ④). Phase 2: ICH animal model establishment: cerebral hemorrhage model through autologous blood or collagenase stereotactic injection (①, ②). Phase 3: cell culture and extraction of stem cells or exosomes. Phase 4: Treat ICH animals with different administration methods. IPSCs: induced pluripotent stem cells; NSCs: neural stem cells; AD-MSCs: adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells; hUC-MSCs: human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells; BM-MSCs: bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells; ESCs: embryonic stem cells; ICH: intracerebral hemorrhage; ABI: autologous blood injection; Col: collagenase; ICI: intracerebral injection; TVI: tail vein injection; IND: intranasal deliver; Exos: exosomes; and SCs: stem cells