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Fig. 2 | Stem Cell Research & Therapy

Fig. 2

From: Stem cells differentiation into insulin-producing cells (IPCs): recent advances and current challenges

Fig. 2

Schematic representation of the signaling pathways that coordinate each step of β-cell differentiation and expression levels of the main transcription factor and functional proteins during β-cell differentiation and maturation. NGN3 and MAFB are transiently expressed, while the others remain expressed after maturation. BMP: Bone morphogenetic protein; EGF: Epidermal growth factor; FGF: Fibroblast growth factor; PKC: Protein Kinase C; SHH: Sonic hedgehog; T3: Triiodothyronine; and TGF-β: Transforming growth factor beta

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