Fig. 2

IFN-γ-Exo exhibited better protective effects on HUVECs and H9c2 cardiomyocytes than Ctrl-Exo in vitro. A TUNEL analysis for H9c2 cells (n = 3). Green, TUNEL-positive nuclei; blue, DAPI-stained nuclei. Scale bars = 50 μm. B Flow cytometric analysis (n = 3). C Western blot analyzed Bax, Bcl2, and cleaved-caspase-3 protein levels in hypoxic and ischemic H9c2 cells incubated with PBS, Ctrl-Exo and IFN-γ-Exo. Relative protein levels are presented as the average expression normalized to β-Tubulin (n = 3). D Migration was monitored for 6 and 12 h after scratching in HUVECs cultured with PBS, Ctrl-Exo and IFN-γ-Exo (n = 3). E Tube formation of HUVECs incubated with PBS, Ctrl-Exo, and IFN-γ-Exo (n = 3). F TUNEL analysis for HUVECs (n = 3). Green, TUNEL-positive nuclei; blue, DAPI-stained nuclei. Scale bars = 50 μm. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis was performed with one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s correction. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001, NS not significant