Fig. 6

Knockdown of TGF-β1 in mBMSCs attenuates the therapeutic effects on diabetic wounds. a Representative pictures and b quantitation of the healing time of control mBMSC-treated and siTGF-β1 mBMSC-treated and untreated diabetic wounds after an 8-mm primary biopsy. n = 6. c Representative H&E-stained images of the wounds on day 7. The epithelium is marked with a dotted line. Bars, 50 μm. d Western blotting and e quantitative analysis were used to analyze the expression levels of Smad2, p-Smand2, atg5, atg7, lc3b-I/II, beclin1 and p62 in the wounds on day 7 after wounding. f Representative images of wounded (day 7) skin stained to show the expression of atg5 or atg7 (green) and K14 (red) in the wounds (blue). Bar, 100 μm. Mean ± SEM. n = 3 (in addition to the quantitation of healing time). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01