Fig. 5
hUSC-sEVs promoted the migration and differentiation of VK2 cells. A Representative fluorescence micrograph of Dil (red)-labeled sEVs internalized by VK2 cells. Scale bar: 15 µm. B hUSC-sEVs did not increase the viability of VK2 cells at 24 h after coincubation, as detected by CCK-8 tests. C hUSC-sEVs did not promote the proliferation of VK2 cells at 24 h after coincubation, as detected by EdU tests. Scale bar: 50 µm. D Quantitative analysis of the proliferation rate of VK2 cells after treatment with hUSC-sEVs. n = 3 per group. E hUSC-sEVs promoted the migration of VK2 cells, as detected by scratch assays. Scale bar: 100 µm. F Quantitative analysis of the migration ability of VK2 cells after treatment with hUSC-sEVs. n = 3 per group. G mRNA expression levels of filaggrin and CK10 in VK2 cells were measured by qPCR. n = 3 per group. The PBS, sEVs1 and sEVs2 groups indicated 0, 5 and 10 × 108 hUSC-sEVs particles/mL, respectively. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, n.s. indicated nonsignificant difference