Table 1 Similarities and differences between cancer stem cell and normal stem cell

Similarities

Markers: CD133, SSEA3, SSEA4, TRA-1–60, etc.

[51]

Biochemical profile: a higher telomerase activity

[38, 40]

Proliferation: self-renewal (symmetrically and asymmetrically dividing)

[41, 42]

Differentiation: differentiate into distinct types of cells

[45]

Differences

Markers: CD20, CD96, CD55, and TIM-3 are not markers for normal stem cells but for CSCs

[51]

Proliferation: CSCs divide more rapidly than normal stem cells (the cell division rate is an order of magnitude larger)

[40]

Differentiation: CSCs very few undergo terminal differentiation compared to normal stem cells

[52]