Fig. 6

Primed MSCs enhance neuroprotective properties through induction of autophagy in α-syn-overexpressing SH-SY5Y cells. A, B Western blotting for autophagy marker shows that co-culture with primed MSCs significantly reduced α-syn and enhances LC-3, Beclin-1, and AMBRA1 expression compared to the co-culture with control or naïve MSCs. C Western blotting shows that co-culture with primed MSCs significantly enhances the expression of autophagy flux-related markers, p-Akt and Akt, and D lysosome activity markers, TFEB, compared to the α-syn-overexpressing control or co-culture with naïve MSCs. The levels of target protein were quantified and normalized to β-actin using ImageJ. Data are presented as mean ± SE. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01