Fig. 6

The effect of L15 EPS on primary osteoblast precursors and bone formation. A Photomicrographs of ALP staining of primary osteoblast precursor obtained from the calvaria of ICR neonates with or without L15 EPS for 7 days. Inverted imaging system (EVOS™ XL Core Imaging System; Thermo Scientific™, Waltham, MA, USA). Scale bar = 200 μm. B The expression of osteogenic differentiation marker genes (RUNX2, COL1A1, and ALP) in primary osteoblast precursor were analyzed by real time-PCR. C The ICR neonates calvarial ex vivo organ culture was performed with or without L15 EPS. Calvaria was cultured for 7 days and then processed for histological examination. Thickness of the calvaria was assessed by H&E staining (Olympus BX50 microscope; Scale bar = 25 μm). *p < 0.05. N = 3