Table 1 Clinical parameters of the man with complete SCOS included in this study

Age (years)

42

Testis volume: left (mL)

≥ 12

5

Testis volume: right (mL)

≥ 12

5

Testis biopsy

SCOS

Karyotype

46, XY

Microdeletions of Y chromosome

Not detected

Hormone analysis

Total testosterone (nM/L)

10.41–19.78

11.93

Free testosterone (nM/L)

0.11–0.66

0.27

FSH (IU/L)

1.27–19.26

37.72

LH (IU/L)

1.24–8.62

12.56

SHBG (nM/L)

13.2–89.5

25.7

Semen analysis

Semen volume (mL)

≥ 1.5

5.4

Total sperm count (10⁶/ejaculate)

≥ 39

0

Seminal neutral alpha-glucosidase (IU/L)

35.1–87.7

74.55

Seminal fructose (g/L)

2.95–3.35

42.24

Seminal elastase (ng/mL)

< 290

1920.5

Seminal DDX4 mRNA

Not detected