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Table 5 Characterization and percent (%) of phenolic compounds in Muscat of Alexandria GSE

From: Co-treatment with grape seed extract and mesenchymal stem cells in vivo regenerated beta cells of islets of Langerhans in pancreas of type I-induced diabetic rats

Item

Content

Characterization of GSE

Moisture (%)

9.4 ± 2.4

Ash (%)

2.6 ± 0.7

Carbohydrates (%)

28.2 ± 1.6

Fibers (%)

35.5 ± 3.4

Protein (%)

13.3 ± 1.2

Total lipids (%)

10.5 ± 1.3

Total phenolic compounds (mg gallic acid/ g dry seed)

11.6 ± 2.1

Flavonoids (mg quercetin/g dry seed)

13.6 ± 3.4

Total antioxidant activity (DPPH; %)

89.2 ± 1.3

IC50(μg/ml)

34.5 ± 2.9

Phenolic compounds (%)

( ±)-Catechin

40.5 ± 1.21

( −)-Epicatechin

32.7 ± 0.81

Procyanidin-B1

2.0 ± 0.42

Procyanidin-B2

3.4 ± 0.89

Procyanidin-B3

1.2 ± 2.02

Procyanidin-B4

4.1 ± 1.21

Procyanidin-B5

1.4 ± 0.43

Procyanidin-C1

3.6 ± 0.75

Gallic acid

5.6 ± 0.14

Dimer gallate

4.6 ± 0.77