Co-treatment with grape seed extract and mesenchymal stem cells in vivo regenerated beta cells of islets of Langerhans in pancreas of type I-induced diabetic rats

Table 7 Effect of GSE and/or MSCs transplantation on oxidative stress and inflammation in pancreas of different experimental groups

Parameters	Healthy control group (I)	Untreated diabetic control group (II)	GSE-treated diabetic group (III)	MSCs-treated diabetic group (IV)	GSE/MSCs-treated diabetic group (V)
MDA (ng/g tissue)	23 ± 0.1^a	80.4 ± 2.1^d	33.6 ± 3.3^b	46.2 ± 0.4^c	21.1 ± 4.1^a
GSH (pg/ g tissue)	27.9 ± 4.1^b	18.4 ± 2.6^a	21.4 ± 11.1^a	19.1 ± 4.4^a	26.4 ± 2.8^b
IL-1β (pg/g tissue)	44.3 ± 1.6^a	110.7 ± 0.9^c	71.9 ± 5.4^b	66.7 ± 0.4^b	42.5 ± 2.8^a
IL-12 (pg/g tissue)	56.4 ± 1.3^a	95.5 ± 2.4^c	61.4 ± 6.1^b	59.7 ± 1.4^b	53.7 ± 3.6^a
TNF-α (pg/g tissue)	22.4 ± 0.7^a	60.1 ± 1.6^b	23.1 ± 1.5^a	25.1 ± 3.6^a	24.5 ± 2.1^a
TLR-4 (ng/g tissue)	18.6 ± 1.4^a	67.8 ± 4.3^c	35.4 ± 2.2^b	32.1 ± 0.9^b	22.4 ± 0.4^a

Mean values labeled with the same superscript letter were similar (insignificance, P > 0.05), whereas those with different ones were significantly differed (P < 0.05)

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