Fig. 3

The molecular mechanisms of MSC-EVs cargos in breast cancer progression. This figure illustrates how the exosomes interact with the target cells and the molecular mechanisms by which cargos loaded in exosomes affect breast cancer cells. miR-224-5p increase autophagy in BC cells by down-regulation of HOXA5. miR-148b-3p promotes cell apoptosis via targeting TRIM59. miR-941 suppresses EMT and migration of BC cells by up-regulation of E-cadherin and down-regulation of vimentin, SMAD4, and SNAIL. miR-381 reduces migration, and invasion of BC cells by targeting Wnt signaling pathway and EMT transcription factors. miR-21-5p improves cell viability and drug resistance in the BC cells through induction of S100A6, moreover suppress the metastasis of tumor cell by targeting ZNF367. In addition, miR-1236 increases the sensitivity of BC cells to chemotherapy agent by silencing of SLC9A1 and inactivation of Wnt/β-catenin. Angiogenesis was suppressed in BC cells through miR-100 that modulate the mTOR/HIF-1α axis and miR-16 that down-regulate the expression of VEGF. BC dormancy was promoted by miR-23b that inhibit MARCKS. Quiescence and drug-resistance in tumor cell were induced by miR-222/223 that down-regulate the level of CDK4, Cyclin D1 and p21WAF1