Fig. 2
From: ETV2/ER71, the key factor leading the paths to vascular regeneration and angiogenic reprogramming
Strategies for vessel regeneration by ETV2-driven reendothelialization. ETV2 may be exogenously administrated into vascular legions in the form of AAV, SeV or mmRNA. Alternatively, endogenous ETV2 can be reactivated via Crispr-Cas9. Therapeutic ECs of autologous origin can be generated from non-ECs or iPSCs by expressing ETV2 mmRNA, non-integrating gene delivery systems (e.g., NEP or LNP) or transactivating ETV2 by Crispr/Cas9. For tissue replacement therapy, these reprogrammed ECs can be either directly administrated or used for generating biocompatible organs/organomimetics such as engineered vascular grafts or vascular organoids. AAV Adeno-associated virus; Crispr-Cas9 Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated protein 9; ECs Endothelial cells; ETV2 Ets variant 2/ets-related protein 71; iPSCs Induced pluripotent stem cells; LNP Lipid nanoparticle; mmRNA Modified messenger RNA; NEP Nanochannel electroporation; SeV Sendi virus. Created in BioRender.com