Fig. 8

miRNA-22-3p within NSCs-EVs contributed to the LPS-As-NSCs-EVs-induced effects in the regulation of NSCS differentiation and promotion of axon regrowth. A, B The transfection of miRNA-22-3p inhibitors reduced the proportion of Cnpase-positive and MBP-positive- oligodendrocytes and increased the proportion of GFAP-positive astrocytes in the presence of LPS-As-NSCs-EVs (n = 5; data are the mean ± S.D.; *p < 0.05). CThe expression of miRNA-22-3p was reduced by a 3-day continuous injection of antagomir (n = 3; data are the mean ± S.D.; *p < 0.05, ns p > 0.05). D–F The injection of miRNA-22-3p antagomir repressed the LPS-As-NSC-EVs-induced effects on promoting the remyelination following SCI. (n = 5; data are the mean ± S.D.; *p < 0.05). G Western blot results confirmed that the expression of Cnpase was decreased by the injection of miRNA-22-3p antagomir at week 4 post-injury (n = 3; data are the mean ± S.D.; *p < 0.05). H The injection of miRNA-22 antagomir increased the percentage of injured areas at 4 weeks post-injury (n = 5, data are the mean ± S.D.; ∗p < 0.05, ns p > 0.05). I, J LPS-As-NSCs-EVs-induced neurological recovery was inhibited by the injection of miRNA-22-3p (n = 10, data are the mean ± S. D.; ∗p < 0.05 between the LPS-As-NSCs-EVs group and the LPS-As-NSCs-EVs + miRNA-22-3p antagomir group)