Table 3 Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in the POF animal model
Hormone | POF model | Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) | The HRT from references | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Animal | Drug | Method | Treatment | Assessment | Mechanism | ||
AMH | Mice (6Â weeks) | CTX (1st:150Â mg/kg, 75Â mg/kg once/weeks for 4Â weeks) | 0.5Â mg/kg, once/weeks for 4 weeks | Ip | Increase primordial follicles and decrease growing follicles. Could not restore the estrous cycle, but could rescue the fertility of CTX-treated mice | Induces autophagy | [38] |
Melatonin | CD-1 Mice (5Â weeks ) | CIS (2Â mg/kg for 15Â days) | 15 or 30Â mg/kg daily, for 15Â days | Ip | Increase the number of primordial follicles and antral follicles Decrease granulosa cell apoptosis | Block the phosphorylation of PTEN/AKT/FOXO3a pathway | [42] |
Mice (6Â weeks ) | TG (50Â mg/kg/days for 34Â days) | 20Â mg/kg/day, from day 8 to day 42 | Oral | Increase the number of primordial follicles and antral follicles Increase body and ovary weight; Increase AMH Improve the estrous cycle | Attenuates the activation of SIRT1 signaling | [43] | |
BALB/c-nu mice (6Â weeks) | CIS (5Â mg/kg weekly for 3Â weeks ) | 10Â mg/kg daily for 3Â weeks | Ip | reduces primordial ovarian follicles loss and depletion caused by CTX protects reproductive endocrine function from CIS damage effectively protects sexually mature protects granulosa cells from damage | DNA protection and antioxidant effects | [46] | |
GH | C57BL/6 (4–5 weeks ) | CTX (70 mg/kg a single) | 100 µL of rmGH daily for 12 days Low dose: 0.4 mg/kg; Medium dose: 0.8 mg/kg; High dose:1.6 mg/kg | iv | The number of atretic follicles was reduced in the medium- and high-dose groups Ovarian weight was increased in the medium- and high-dose groups Medium-dose group can reduce FSH level | Activates the expression of NotCH-1 signaling pathway factors | [44] |
Rats (6 weeks) | CTX (1st, 50 mg/kg, 8 mg/kg for 14 days) | 100 µL of rmGH once a week for 28 days Low dose: 0.4 mg/kg; Medium dose: 0.8 mg/kg; High dose:1.6 mg/kg | ih | The high-dose group can increase the number of oocytes Ovarian weight was increased in the medium- and high-dose groups did not reverse hormone levels | Directly or indirectly promotes the balance between oxidative stress and oxidative detoxification of cells | [45] | |