Fig. 3

In vitro angiogenic properties of MSCs. a Representative phase contrast images of tubule-like networks in culture. b–d BM-CM generated significantly more tubular-like structures in a more complex and extended mesh (b), represented by a significantly higher number of junctions (c) and closed loops (d) than its counterparts in a model of in vitro tubulogenesis. Data expressed as a fold-change of the positive control. e Differential angiogenic proteomic profile for each MSC-CM using an antibody array. Data expressed as a fold change of the reference spots. Data displayed as mean ± SD, N = 3, n = 3. Two-Way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison corrections, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.001, **p < 0.0001, ****p < 0.00001. ^#Significance relative to negative control