Table 1 Summary of recent dynamic compressive loading studies evaluating chondrogenesis in mesenchymal stem cells
Bioreactor | Compressive loading regimen | Scaffold | Species (age) | Medium supplementation | Preculture (days) | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Compression | 1 Hz, 10%, 1 to 20 hours | Agarose | Bovine | ± Dex ± TGFβ1 | 8 or 16 | [16] |
Compression | 0.33 to 3 Hz, 10%, 1 to 3 hours | Agarose | Bovine (3 to 6 months) | Dex ± TGFβ3 | 3 | [17] |
Compression (semipermeable) | 0.3 Hz, 7.5%, 45 minutes on/45 minutes rest | Agarose | Horse (2 to 5 years) | Dex ± TGFβ1 | 0 | [18] |
Compression | 0.01 to 1 Hz, 10%, 1 to 4 hour/day | Agarose | Bovine (3 to 6 months) | Dex ± TGFβ3 | 0 or 21 | [19] |
Compression + shear | 0.1 to 1 Hz, 5 to 20%, 1 hour/day | Fibrin/PU | Human | Dex ± TGFβ1 | 7 | [20] |
Compression | 1 Hz, 10%, 1 hour/day | Agarose | Porcine (4 months) | Dex ± TGFβ3 | 0 or 21 | [21] |
Compression + shear | 1 Hz, 10 to 20%, 1 hour/day | Fibrin/PU | Human | None | 2 to 4 | [22] |
Compression | 1 Hz, 10%, 1 hour | Agarose | Porcine (4 months) | Dex + TGFβ3 | 0, 7, 14, 21 | [23] |
Compression + shear | 0.1 Hz, 5 to 20%, 3 hours/day | Agarose | Bovine (3 to 6 months) | Dex ± TGFβ3 | 21 | [24] |
Compression | 1 Hz, 10%, 4 hours/day | Hyaluronic acid | Human | Dex + TGFβ1 | 3 | [25] |