Skip to main content

Table 1 Overview of different approaches for mesenchymal stem cell modulation in order to increase cell survival

From: Tackling the physiological barriers for successful mesenchymal stem cell transplantation into the central nervous system

General effect

Strategy

Reference

Upregulation of different pro-survival and pro-angiogenic genes (HIF1α, SDF1α/CXCR4, EPO, VEGF, BDNF, GDNF)

Hypoxic preconditioning

[112, 113]

Addition of factors to the culture medium

[122, 124, 133]

Genetic modification to induce gene overexpression

[125, 126, 129–132]

Physical protection of MSCs against hypoxia

Oxygen supply via oxygen generating scaffolds and biomaterials

[127, 128]

Stimulation of PI3K/Akt pathway to prevent apoptosis

Treatment with chemokines (for example, SDF1α)

[138]

Knockout of TLR4

[137]

Overexpression of genes involved in apoptosis

[139]

Downregulation of caspase 3 activity to prevent apoptosis

Treatment with compounds (carvedilol, salvianolic acid) that block the activity

[140, 141]

Decreased apoptosis

Down- or upregulation of microRNA

[142]

  1. BDNF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor; EPO, erythropoietin; GDNF, glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor; HIF, hypoxia-inducible factor; MSC, mesenchymal stem cell; PI3K, phosphoinositide 3-kinase; SDF, stromal-derived factor; TLR, Toll-like receptor; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor.
Back to article page

Stem Cell Research & Therapy

ISSN: 1757-6512