The proteasome complex and the maintenance of pluripotency: sustain the fate by mopping up?

Table 1 Overview of the specific proteasome subunits that influence the pluripotent and differentiated state

Category	Systemic nomenclature	HUGO	Function	References
19S lid	Rpn6	PSMD11	Stabilize interaction between 19S RP and 20S core	[2, 30, 32, 35, 36]
	Rpn11	PSMD14	De-ubiquitinating enzyme
	Rpn12	PSMD8
19S base	Rpt3	PSMC4	ATPase, gate-opening	[2, 30]
20S core particle	β1	PSMB6	Caspase-like	[2, 8, 18]
	β2	PSMB7	Trypsin-like
	β5	PSMB5	Chymotrypsin-like
	β1i	PSMB9	Chymotrypsin-like
	β2i	PSMB10	Trypsin-like
	β5i	PSMB8	Chymotrypsin-like
PA28 complex	(PA28α)	PSME1	Proteasome activator	[2, 13, 25]
	(PA28β)	PSME2

Explanation of the different nomenclature of the proteasome subunits as well as their functions that are important for the pluripotent and differentiated cell fate. HUGO, Human Genome Organization; RP, regulatory particle; Rpn, non-ATPase subunit of 19S RP; Rpt, AAA-ATPase subunit of 19S RP.

ISSN: 1757-6512