Table 1 Strategies safeguarding pluripotent stem cell therapy against iatrogenic cancerogenesis
From: ‘Above all, do no harm’: safeguarding pluripotent stem cell therapy against iatrogenic tumorigenesis
Authors | Stem cells | Key reagent | Procedure | Mechanism |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Fong et al.[28] | Human embryonic | Mouse monoclonal antibodies anti-SSEA-4, anti-TRA-1-60 | FACS, MACS | Depletion of SSEA-4+, TRA-1-60 + hESCs |
Tang et al.[30] | Human embryonic | Mouse monoclonal antibodies anti-SSEA-5, CD9, CD90 or anti-SSEA-5, CD50, CD200 | FACS | Depletion of SSEA-5+ hESCs |
Human pluripotent induced | ||||
Ben-David et al.[31] | Human embryonic | Mouse monoclonal antibody anti-claudin-6 | FACS | Depletion of claudin-6+ hESCs |
Killing by toxins linked to antibodies | ||||
Human induced pluripotent | ||||
King et al.[29] | Human embryonic | Mouse monoclonal antibodies anti-SSEA-4, anti-TRA-1-60, anti-FGFR-1, anti-CD133, anti-CD13519 | FACS | Separation of fate-specific subpopulations of GFP + hESCs |
Malecki [11] | Human autologous induced pluripotent | Synthetic antibodies anti-SSEA-4, anti-TRA-1-60 | MACS, FACS | Depletion of SSEA-4+, TRA-1-60+ non-differentiating hiPSCs |
Gerrard et al.[32] | Human embryonic | Fusion protein expressed from OCT4-EGFP | Transfection with lentivirus vector | Monitoring and selection of differentiating cells |
Eiges et al.[33] | Human embryonic | Fusion protein expressed from Rex1 (murine promoter)-EGFP | Electroporation LipofectAMINE, FuGENE, ExGen500 | Monitoring and selection of undifferentiated cells |
Nishimori et al.[16] | Murine induced pluripotent | Fusion protein expressed from NANOG-GFP | Selection in embryoid bodies | Discarding undifferentiated cells from EBs |
van Laake et al.[34] | Murine induced pluripotent | Fusion protein expressed from NKX2-5-EGFP | FACS | Selection of differentiating cells |
Chung S et al.[35] | Murine embryonic | Fusion protein expressed from SOX1-GFP | FACS | Selection of differentiating cells |
Malecki et al.[10] | Human autologous induced pluripotent | Fusion fluorescent proteins expressed under promoters for OCLN5, CLDN5, TJP1, PECAM1, CDH5, CTNNB | Transfection with synthetic antibody-guided vector | Monitoring and selecting of differentiating cells |
Choo et al.[36] | Human embryonic | Mouse monoclonal antibody anti-PODXL | Antibody dissolved in media | Killing undifferentiated cells |
Schriebl et al.[37] | Human embryonic | Mouse monoclonal antibody anti-PODXL | Antibody dissolved in media | Sorting of undifferentiated cells + killing with toxic antibody |
Lim et al.[38] | Human embryonic | ScFv 84-HTH antibody fragment anti- PODXL | Antibody dissolved in media | Killing undifferentiated cells in EBs prior to transplantation |
Ben-David et al.[39] | Human induced pluripotent | PluriSIn#1 | Reagent dissolved in media | Inhibition of SCD1 leading to UPR, ER stress, and apoptosis |
Conesa et al.[40] | Murine embryonic | Benzethonium chloride, methylbenzethonium chloride | Reagent dissolved in media | Mitochondrial membrane permeability, apoptosis |
Human induced pluripotent | ||||
Lee et al.[41] | Human embryonic Human induced pluripotent | Quercetin, YM155 | Reagent dissolved in media | Mitochondria-mediated selective cell death |
Vazquez-Martin et al.[42] | Murine induced pluripotent | Metformin | Reagent dissolved in media | Apoptosis |
Bieberich et al.[43] | Human embryonic Human induced pluripotent | S18 (N-oleoyl serinol) | Reagent dissolved in media | Apoptosis |
Schuldiner et al.[44] | Human embryonic | HSV-TK under PGK promoter + GCV | Transfection with plasmid in ExGen500 | Apoptosis |
Hara et al.[45] | Human embryonic | HSV-TK under OCT4 promoter + GCV | Transfection with viral vector | Apoptosis |
Rong et al.[46] | Human embryonic | HSV-TK gene into NANOG locus + GCV | Homologous recombination | Apoptosis |
Cheng et al.[47] | Human embryonic | HSV-δTK under mouse NANOG or EF1α promoter + GCV | Transfection with lentiviral vector | Apoptosis |
Human induced pluripotent | ||||
Chen et al.[48] | Murine undifferentiated pluripotent stem | Recombinant cytosine deaminase under mouse NANOG or EF1α promoter + 5-fluorocytosine | Transfection with lentiviral vector | Apoptosis |
Malecki et al.[50] | Human autologous induced pluripotent | Human recombinant DNASE1, DNASE1L3, DNASE2, DFFB under POLA1 promoter | Transfection with anti-SSEA-4-guided vector | Apoptosis + necrosis |