Table 2 Clinical and experimental studies using cell therapy for retinal diseases
Study | Type of study | Type of injury or illness | Route used | Type and source of cells |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Otani, et al. [16] | Experimental study in animals | Mice with retinal degenerative disease | Intravitreous transplantation | Adult bone marrow-derived lineage-negative hematopoietic stem cells |
Wang, et al. [48] | Experimental study in animals | Retinitis pigmentosa | Tail vein | Pluripotent bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells |
Li, et al. [93] | Experimental study in animals | Rat injured by ischemia/reperfusion | Intravitreous transplantation | Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells |
Uteza, et al. [94] | Experimental study in animals | Photoreceptor cell degeneration in Royal College of Surgeon rats | Intravitreous transplantation | Encapsulated fibroblasts |
Zhang and Wang [95] | Experimental study in animals | Light-damaged retinal structure | Subretinal space | Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells |
Tomita, et al. [96] | Experimental study in animals | Retinas mechanically injured using a hooked needle | Intravitreous transplantation | Bone marrow-derived stem Cells |
Meyer, et al. [97] | Experimental study in animals | Retinal degeneration | Intravitreous transplantation | Embryonic stem cells |
Siqueira, et al. [21] | Experimental study in animals | Chorioretinal injuries caused by laser red diode 670N-M | Intravitreous transplantation | Bone marrow-derived stem cells |
Wang, et al. [98] | Experimental study in animals | Mice with laser-induced retinal injury | Intravitreous transplantation | Bone marrow-derived stem cells |
Johnson, et al. [99] | Experimental study in animals | Glaucoma | Intravitreous transplantation | Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell |
Castanheira, et al. [37] | Experimental study in animals | Rat retinas submitted to laser damage | Intravitreous transplantation | Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell |
Jonas, et al. [32] | Case report | Patient with atrophy of the retina and optic nerve | Intravitreous transplantation | Bone marrow-derived mononuclear cell transplantation |
Jonas, et al. [33] | Case report | Three patients with diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, and optic nerve atrophy (glaucoma) | Intravitreous transplantation | Bone marrow-derived mononuclear cell transplantation |
Siqueira, et al. [34] ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT01068561 [19] | Clinical trial Phase I | Five patients with retinitis pigmentosa | Intravitreous transplantation | Bone marrow-derived mononuclear cell transplantation |
Siqueira [92] Ethics committee of Brazil Register: 16018 | Clinical trial Phase II | Fifty patients with retinitis pigmentosa | Intravitreous transplantation | Bone marrow-derived mononuclear cell transplantation |
Siqueira [92] Ethics committee of Brazil Register: 15978 | Clinical trial Phases I/II | Ten patients with macular degeneration | Intravitreous transplantation | Bone marrow-derived mononuclear cell transplantation |
Siqueira [92] Ethics Committee of Brazil Register: 16062 | Clinical trial Phases I/II | Thirty patients with ischemic retinopathy | Intravitreous transplantation | Bone marrow-derived mononuclear cell transplantation |
Advanced Cell Technology Inc. [100] | Clinical trial Phases I/II | Twelve patients with Stargardt macular dystrophy | Subretinal transplantation | Retinal pigment epithelial cells derived from human embryonic stem cells |