Figure 3
From: Local injection of mesenchymal stem cells protects testicular torsion-induced germ cell injury
Orbital fat-derived stem cells ameliorated local oxidative stress elevated by torsion–detorsion. (A) Sham operation did increase the malondialdehyde (MDA) level in the left testis. Torsion–detorsion (T/D) significantly increased oxidative stress in the left testis, and orbital fat-derived stem cells (OFSCs) effectively reduced the MDA level elevated by T/D. (B) Oxidative stress in the circulation progressively increased by T/D, but OFSCs did not significantly alter the circulating MDA level in the first 7 days. Analysis of variance with the Tukey–Kramer t test, *P <0.05, **P <0.01, ***P <0.001, n = 6. (C) Production of superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD-2) in testis tissue was induced by T/D, and OFSC injection subsided the response.