Fig. 1

The gross, structural studies of intestine according to group and injected hPDSCs, which are localized to target tissue in irradiation-induced small intestine damage. a The animal experimental procedure. b Representational gross lesions according to group. To check the degree of swelling, we measured the weight of the small intestine in each group. c The pathological sections were observed and histological score was estimated by three independent blinded pathologists. Microscopic pathologies according to group: normal control (group 1), irradiation (group 2) and irradiation with hPDSCs (group 3). Results are representative pathologic images of three independent samples (×100 magnification). d To determine where injected hPDSCs localized in tissue through intravenous injection, we transfected the luc-vector to hPDSCs and then measured luciferase activity through Xenogen. Fluorescence demonstrated luc-positive hPDSCs treatment in lung, small intestine and colon. e To check the difference between injected cells in normal status and injected cells in irradiated status, we measured luciferase activity using Xenogen. f To confirm the localization and status for injected hPDSCs we stained tissue slides 3 days after hPDSC injection by immunofluorescence staining (IHC-F). We collected tissues 3 days after hPDSC injection of the animals. In IHC-F staining, DAPI staining is blue and human nucleic acid staining is red. The yellow arrows indicate injected hPDSCs (×400 magnification). Results are representative of three independent experiments. hPDSCs human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells, IR ionizing radiation