Table 4 Effects of haMSC-EVs on female rats’ organ, hematology and coagulation, serum biochemistry and immune function

Number of animals

10

9

10

10

5

5

5

5

Organ coefficients (%)

 Brain

0.8296 ± 0.0347

0.7953 ± 0.0725

0.8141 ± 0.0535

0.8264 ± 0.0508

0.7460 ± 0.0248

0.7861 ± 0.0549

0.7774 ± 0.0175

0.7628 ± 0.0700

 Heart

0.3834 ± 0.0252

0.3881 ± 0.0328

0.3801 ± 0.0317

0.3766 ± 0.0210

0.3846 ± 0.0212

0.3864 ± 0.0489

0.3497 ± 0.0195

0.3706 ± 0.0217

 Liver

2.9306 ± 0.1916

3.0058 ± 0.3383

3.0678 ± 0.2861

2.9715 ± 0.1706

2.9334 ± 0.1904

2.8800 ± 0.1623

2.8182 ± 0.2112

2.6826 ± 0.1439

 Spleen

0.2192 ± 0.0092

0.2059 ± 0.0223

0.2152 ± 0.0162

0.2209 ± 0.0247

0.1995 ± 0.0116

0.1945 ± 0.0158

0.1739 ± 0.0162*

0.1771 ± 0.0150

 Kidney

0.7123 ± 0.0471

0.6869 ± 0.0508

0.7632 ± 0.0699

0.7507 ± 0.0461

0.7173 ± 0.1032

0.6875 ± 0.0681

0.7036 ± 0.0714

0.7139 ± 0.0287

 Thymus

0.1385 ± 0.0285

0.1201 ± 0.0272

0.1529 ± 0.0301

0.1693 ± 0.0249*

0.1138 ± 0.0305

0.1254 ± 0.0373

0.0742 ± 0.0051*

0.1268 ± 0.0214

 Uterus

0.2856 ± 0.0755

0.3026 ± 0.1076

0.2543 ± 0.0457

0.2763 ± 0.0829

0.3313 ± 0.1282

0.2914 ± 0.0676

0.2425 ± 0.0527

0.2387 ± 0.0295

 Ovary and oviduct

0.0521 ± 0.0070

0.0483 ± 0.0102

0.0531 ± 0.0084

0.0601 ± 0.0118

0.0501 ± 0.0063

0.0548 ± 0.0052

0.0492 ± 0.0098

0.053 ± 0.0037

 Adrenal gland

0.0291 ± 0.0040

0.0272 ± 0.0046

0.0269 ± 0.0044

0.028 ± 0.0057

0.0272 ± 0.0059

0.0245 ± 0.0032

0.0261 ± 0.0065

0.0238 ± 0.0039

 Thyroid and parathyroid glands

0.0102 ± 0.0025

0.0088 ± 0.0039

0.0099 ± 0.0025

0.0109 ± 0.0036

0.0113 ± 0.0034

0.0112 ± 0.0027

0.0101 ± 0.0020

0.0145 ± 0.0023

Hematology and coagulation indicators

 RBC (× 10⁶/μL)

7.484 ± 0.276

7.691 ± 0.275

7.376 ± 0.306

7.467 ± 0.444

7.840 ± 0.413

7.828 ± 0.081

8.126 ± 0.13

8.122 ± 0.212

 Hemoglobin (g/dL)

14.03 ± 0.46

14.42 ± 0.48

13.81 ± 0.54

14.03 ± 0.69

14.58 ± 0.46

14.62 ± 0.19

14.92 ± 0.53

15.28 ± 0.36

 Hematocrit

44.14 ± 1.49

45.87 ± 1.58

43.65 ± 1.97

44.13 ± 2.05

44.84 ± 1.75

45.30 ± 0.97

46.64 ± 2.40

46.70 ± 1.05

 WBC (× 10³/μL)

6.058 ± 1.189

6.023 ± 1.535

6.417 ± 1.512

6.194 ± 1.856

5.168 ± 1.624

5.114 ± 2.530

4.056 ± 1.393

4.330 ± 1.322

 NEU%

13.03 ± 6.57

13.28 ± 4.69

15.39 ± 7.28

12.77 ± 2.46

10.38 ± 4.55

9.60 ± 4.56

12.98 ± 2.28

15.42 ± 2.69

 LYM%

83.88 ± 7.06

84.42 ± 4.67

82.04 ± 7.80

84.76 ± 2.62

87.42 ± 4.93

87.84 ± 5.52

84.76 ± 2.13

81.22 ± 2.88

 MON%

1.12 ± 0.39

0.87 ± 0.29

1.08 ± 0.38

0.86 ± 0.21

0.98 ± 0.33

1.10 ± 0.74

0.76 ± 0.13

1.66 ± 0.83

 EOS%

0.32 ± 0.21

0.26 ± 0.29

0.18 ± 0.14

0.22 ± 0.25

0.08 ± 0.08

0.14 ± 0.05

0.18 ± 0.08

0.24 ± 0.09*

 BAS%

0.20 ± 0.09

0.20 ± 0.07

0.21 ± 0.03

0.26 ± 0.05

0.26 ± 0.05

0.18 ± 0.08

0.20 ± 0.00

0.20 ± 0.10

 LUC%

1.46 ± 0.76

0.96 ± 0.21

1.08 ± 0.32

1.12 ± 0.27

0.86 ± 0.21

1.14 ± 0.39

1.08 ± 0.29

1.30 ± 0.20

Serum biochemical indicators

 ALT (U/L)

36.5 ± 15.4

38.8 ± 27.5

36.6 ± 7.7

39.0 ± 10.3

29.2 ± 5.5

41.8 ± 23.6

28.6 ± 3.8

42.4 ± 25.2

 AST (U/L)

118.7 ± 21.0

138.4 ± 61.1

121.1 ± 24.5

135.3 ± 32.1

89.0 ± 13.3

102.6 ± 35.2

93.2 ± 19.8

92.2 ± 22.0

 ALP (U/L)

67.3 ± 18.2

64.4 ± 12.6

79.0 ± 29.8

76.4 ± 29.1

55.6 ± 18

51.2 ± 19.4

58.2 ± 22.9

48.8 ± 6.1

 CHOL (mmol/L)

1.874 ± 0.360

1.852 ± 0.237

2.011 ± 0.475

1.775 ± 0.411

1.946 ± 0.175

1.928 ± 0.335

2.022 ± 0.474

1.828 ± 0.544

 TG (mmol/L)

0.212 ± 0.051

0.190 ± 0.098

0.194 ± 0.065

0.156 ± 0.053

0.152 ± 0.049

0.162 ± 0.089

0.186 ± 0.111

0.152 ± 0.029

 GLU (mmol/L)

9.459 ± 1.374

8.982 ± 2.278

9.121 ± 1.425

8.752 ± 1.629

8.500 ± 1.172

7.932 ± 0.919

7.762 ± 2.26

7.430 ± 0.409

 BUN (mmol/L)

7.474 ± 0.856

7.298 ± 1.403

8.341 ± 1.817

8.398 ± 1.821

6.488 ± 1.757

6.834 ± 1.701

6.714 ± 0.817

6.482 ± 0.474

 CREA (mmol/L)

31.1 ± 2.3

35.0 ± 4.9

31.1 ± 4.7

30.6 ± 3.5

34.2 ± 6.9

31.0 ± 3.2

32.4 ± 3.6

32.8 ± 1.3

 TP (g/L)

63.25 ± 3.99

62.72 ± 2.03

63.24 ± 3.48

61.73 ± 4.34

65.78 ± 1.79

67.30 ± 5.55

66.36 ± 1.59

67.46 ± 2.78

 ALB (g/L)

47.66 ± 3.94

47.47 ± 3.10

48.05 ± 3.01

46.78 ± 4.16

48.50 ± 2.56

51.68 ± 5.55

50.00 ± 3.43

52.42 ± 2.80

 GLO (g/L)

15.59 ± 1.05

15.26 ± 1.86

15.19 ± 1.43

14.95 ± 1.13

17.28 ± 1.97

15.62 ± 0.92

16.36 ± 2.65

15.04 ± 2.00

Immune function

 CD3+ CD4+ (%)

51.519 ± 5.794

45.657 ± 8.165

49.177 ± 5.166

49.549 ± 6.996

63.082 ± 5.461

59.988 ± 5.758

57.948 ± 8.959

67.652 ± 8.211

 CD3+ CD8+ (%)

43.037 ± 6.221

48.732 ± 7.394

44.06 ± 4.015

45.13 ± 6.500

34.198 ± 5.178

36.796 ± 5.334

38.92 ± 8.382

30.022 ± 7.914

 CD3+ CD4+ /CD3+ CD8+ 

1.233 ± 0.284

0.976 ± 0.294

1.133 ± 0.217

1.136 ± 0.294

1.901 ± 0.470

1.676 ± 0.398

1.580 ± 0.536

2.496 ± 1.170

 CD161+ (%)

0.475 ± 0.384

0.760 ± 0.606

0.345 ± 0.192

0.520 ± 0.193

0.070 ± 0.104

0.110 ± 0.108

0.100 ± 0.061

0.100 ± 0.087

 CD45RA+ (%)

56.011 ± 5.617

58.576 ± 6.744

60.710 ± 4.446

54.780 ± 5.155

55.024 ± 5.113

53.080 ± 7.829

53.390 ± 9.754

47.620 ± 7.266

Test of BALF (N = 5)

 WBC (× 10³ cells/μL)

1.52 ± 0.96

1.55 ± 1.24

1.33 ± 0.79

0.94 ± 0.64

3.08 ± 1.65

2.00 ± 1.05

2.30 ± 0.74

1.88 ± 0.89

 NEU%

17.32 ± 6.44

18.86 ± 7.66

17.10 ± 4.71

14.80 ± 4.03

19.80 ± 5.05

29.12 ± 5.68

27.50 ± 13.57

21.10 ± 5.48

 LYM%

69.72 ± 11.07

63.22 ± 18.69

65.84 ± 5.33

74.54 ± 7.22

66.84 ± 7.10

54.04 ± 8.56

56.12 ± 15.11

64.84 ± 9.30

 MON%

0.64 ± 0.50

1.34 ± 0.71

2.06 ± 2.56

0.48 ± 0.36

1.40 ± 0.64

2.12 ± 0.91

2.12 ± 0.74

1.76 ± 0.84

 EOS%

1.30 ± 0.87

0.96 ± 0.88

1.02 ± 0.63

0.86 ± 0.59

0.72 ± 0.56

1.02 ± 0.62

0.30 ± 0.12

0.74 ± 0.32

 BAS%

3.96 ± 2.23

4.02 ± 2.00

2.92 ± 1.52

2.70 ± 1.08

7.28 ± 11.48

4.16 ± 1.54

3.12 ± 0.44

3.54 ± 0.80

 LUC%

10.64 ± 5.19

15.10 ± 12.39

13.70 ± 5.79

8.60 ± 4.07

10.52 ± 1.43

13.72 ± 5.17

13.94 ± 4.10

11.62 ± 4.38