Figure 9

Markers of mature blood vessels. (a), (d), (g) At each time point after surgery, vessels were larger and uniformly distributed with the highest vascular maturity in Group A. (b), (e), (h) Mature vessels were smaller in Group B. (c), (f), (i) There were almost no vessels in the upper layer of the scaffold in Group C, and the positive expression (brown) zone was confined to the junction of the subcutaneous tissue. There were more blood vessels growing into the scaffold when it was closer to the subcutaneous tissue, but the number remained small and fewer than in the experimental group (Group A). Scale bars: 100 μm. Gel-C6S-HA, gelatin–chondroitin-6-sulfate–hyaluronic acid; HFSC, hair follicle stem cell; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor.