Adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells modulate tendon fibroblast responses to macrophage-induced inflammation in vitro

Table 1 Macrophages induced up-regulation of pro-inflammatory and matrix degradation factors and down-regulation of matrix production- and tendon differentiation-related factors by TFs

Day 1	M0		M1		M2
	Mean	P Value	Mean	P Value	Mean	P Value
TNF	20 ± 7.8	0.000	102 ± 86.3	0.001	49 ± 31.3	0.000
IL-1β	21 ± 12.3	0.001	2791 ± 1765.2	0.000	86 ± 117.9	0.002
COX2	1.3 ± 0.8	0.942	4.9 ± 4.0	0.032	1.1 ± 0.6	0.915
MMP1a	3.0 ± 1.3	0.008	150 ± 90.5	0.000	5.5 ± 5.3	0.011
MMP3	6.3 ± 6.0	0.179	111 ± 58.8	0.000	5.1 ± 3.8	0.054
MMP13	1.8 ± 1.1	0.044	46 ± 12.0	0.000	2.0 ± 0.8	0.027
DCN	−1.3 ± 0.1	0.019	4.3 ± 2.7	0.006	−1.0 ± 0.3	0.689
BGN	−1.4 ± 0.1	0.002	−1.7 ± 0.1	0.001	−1.4 ± 0.1	0.004
COL1	−1.7 ± 0.1	0.001	−3.4 ± 0.0	0.000	−1.9 ± 0.1	0.001
COL3	−1.3 ± 0.2	0.082	−2.8 ± 0.1	0.000	−1.6 ± 0.1	0.002
SCX	1.2 ± 0.5	0.660	−1.3 ± 0.3	0.122	−1.2 ± 0.3	0.201
TNMD	1.0 ± 0.5	0.796	−2.9 ± 0.2	0.003	−1.4 ± 0.3	0.124

mRNA expression of TFs after one day of co-culture with macrophages (M0, M1, M2) are represented as fold changes compared to untreated TFs (mean ± SD). Of the three macrophage phenotypes, M1 macrophages had a significantly greater effect on TF gene expression than M0 or M2. There was a significant effect of macrophage type for all factors (indicated by bold font; N = 5). BGN, biglycan; COL, collagen; COX, cyclooxygenase; DCN, decorin; IL-1β, interleukin-1β; MMP, matrix metalloproteinase; SCX, scleraxis; TFs, tendon fibroblasts; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; TNMD, tenomodulin.

ISSN: 1757-6512