Fig. 2

Decidua-derived mesenchymal stem cell (DMSC) treatment of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) decreases inflammation in the CNS. a Cerebellum and b spinal cord sections from EAE control and DMSC-treated animals were LFB–PAS–hematoxylin stained; arrows show perivascular infiltrates (PI). Hematoxylin–eosin stained slices were classified as positive (with PI) or negative (without PI) for presence of perivascular infiltrates; the difference between the EAE group (n = 47) and the DMSC group (n = 52) was analyzed by Chi-square test and shown as the histogram representation of the contingency table (c). d Each section was also classified according to the number of PI that they contained and the averages of PI/section for each group were compared by t-test; standard error of the means are shown. Immunohistochemistry with e anti-CD4 antibody (arrows show CD4⁺ cells) and f immunofluorescence for astrocytes with anti-GFAP (red), anti-PCNA (green) and DAPI (blue) are illustrative. Scale bars for magnifications are indicated. ***p < 0.001. HC Healthy control, EAE Untreated EAE group, DMSC DMSC-treated group