Fig. 3From: Engineering biomimetic periosteum with β-TCP scaffolds to promote bone formation in calvarial defects of ratsThe view and microscopic morphology of UM (a, b) and OM (e, f), which show the cell sheets formed multiple layers and can be lifted up by point forceps; when iECs were seeded in the UM at day 7 (c), the UM morphology is significantly changed. Immunofluorescent staining of CD31 showed the in vitro angiogenesis of the prevascularized cell sheet (iECs/UM) (d). ALP at day 14 (g) and alizarin red staining at day 21 (h) on the OM sheet show obvious osteogenic differentiation characteristics of the OM sheet. Scale bars = 50 μm (b,c,f) and 20 μm (d)Back to article page