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Fig. 1 | Stem Cell Research & Therapy

Fig. 1

From: Substance P and patterned silk biomaterial stimulate periodontal ligament stem cells to form corneal stroma in a bioengineered three-dimensional model

Fig. 1

Isolation and identification of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs). a Representative intraoral radiograph. The sites of isolation for human PDLSCs are highlighted by the dashed boxes. b Cell morphology under a light microscope. c Clones formed from a single-cell culture after 10 days. d–i Expression profile of MSC surface markers in PDLSCs, as compared to isotype control. Data are from PDLSCs derived from three different individuals. j Alizarin red staining after 4 weeks of osteogenic induction. k Oil Red O staining after 4 weeks of adipogenic induction. l Tenogenic differentiation in a cell-sheet model. Gene expression of tendon-related genes was evaluated by qPCR. Levels at day (d)0 were set as 1 in the quantified data, and all other groups were compared to d0 in the statistical analysis. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.001. N.S. not significant

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Stem Cell Research & Therapy

ISSN: 1757-6512