Fig. 4

Characteristics of dCas9-E BM-MSCs after Dox induction. a The sweat gland markers, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and cytokeratin (CK)19, were detected by qRT-PCR after bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) were transfected with dCas9-E and incubated with doxycycline (Dox; 2 μg/ml) for 48 h. b Proteins were collected from BM-MSCs transfected with dCas9-E. The sweat glands biomarkers CEA, CK7, CK14, and CK19 were detected by Western blotting using glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) for calibration of sample loading. c Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect CEA (red) and CK19 (green) in BM-MSCs (scale bar = 50 μm). d Villi ultrastructure changes after dCas9-E BM-MSCs were treated with Dox (scale bar = 1 μm). **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 for Dox-treated cells versus untreated cells by Dunnett’s test. DAPI 4’6-diamidino-2-phenylindole, sgRNA single-guide RNA