Fig. 4

Effect of curcumin on the BMSC sheets. a,b Immunohistochemical staining of the BMSC sheets induced without curcumin (CS-N) and BMSC sheets induced by curcumin (CS-C); green, red, and blue represent green fluorescent protein (GFP)⁺ cells, collagen I (a)/collagen III (b), and nuclei, respectively (20×, 100 μm) (n = 4). c Content variation in collagen (Col) I and collagen III in the CS-N group and CS-C group. d RT-PCR results for gene expression in the extracellular matrix, including col1α1, col3α1, and Fn. SEM image of the e CS-N group and f CS-C group (left is 20 kx, 1 μm, right is 40 kx, 500 nm). Student’s t test and ANOVA: *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001