Fig. 5
Palmitoylcarnitine (PC) regulates the phosphorylation of GSK3β in the early reprogramming process via protein kinase C (PKC). a Cell numbers of mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) cultured in normal or reprogramming media with or without palmitoylcarnitine 3 days after seeding at 2 × 104 cells per well in a six-well plate. b Growth curve of MEFs seeded at 1 × 105 cells per well in a six-well plate in normal or reprogramming media with or without PC. c Growth curve of MEFs seeded at 1 × 105 cells per well in a six-well plate in reprogramming media with or without perhexiline maleate sodium (PMS). d Western blot for phosphorylation change of GSK3β and Erk1/2 at 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 days after reprogramming. e PKC activity analysis of MEFs with or without PC. f Western blot for the phosphorylation of GSK3β and Erk1/2 in the reprogramming process with or without PC or GF 109203X (GFX) 7 days after reprogramming. g Grayscale analysis of (f). Data are presented as the mean ± SEM (n = 3). *P < 0.05 (Student’s t test). Dox doxycycline