Fig. 8

Secretion profile of MSCs under 2% and 5% short-term hypoxia. (a) Under 2% short-term hypoxia, IL-6 and IL-8 secreted by pMSCs were significantly suppressed while GM-CSF, IFN-γ, IL-1ra, and IL-18 were significantly increased. In hMSCs, IFN-γ and IL-18 were significantly increased under 2% hypoxia. (b) Similar to 2% hypoxia, 5% hypoxia significantly suppressed the secretion of the pro-inflammatories IL-6 and IL-8 in pMSCs. Unlike 2%, 5% hypoxia concomitantly suppressed the secretion of GM-CSF, IFN-γ, IL-1α, IL-2, IL-4, and IL-10. In hMSCs, as in pMSCs, IL-8 and GM-CSF levels were suppressed, while the secretion of IL-12 was increased under hypoxia, similar to the 2% hypoxia; ^*p < 0.05; ^**p < 0.01; ^***p < 0.001; ^****p < 0.0001