Fig. 5
The immunosuppressive effect of SHEDs on PHA-stimulated lymphocyte proliferation. A CFSE-labeled PBMCs from AR patients (1 × 106/well) were stimulated by PHA (5 μg/ml) in a 24-well plate for 3 days in the presence or absence of different numbers of SHEDs or BMMSCs (n = 5). PBMCs were gated for flow cytometry analysis of CD3+ staining. B Representative results of T cell proliferation without stimulation (a), PHA (5 μg/ml) stimulation (b), and PHA stimulation in the presence of SHEDs (1 × 104/well, c), SHEDs (2 × 104/well, d), SHEDs (1 × 105/well, d), or BMMSCs (1 × 105/well, e) are shown. SHEDs significantly inhibited PHA-stimulated lymphocyte proliferation in a number-dependent manner, as determined by lymphocyte proliferation percentages. BMMSCs also inhibited T lymphocyte proliferation, but there was no significant difference with SHED at the same dose. The data are expressed as the mean ± SD. *p < .05, ***p < .001, n.s. no significance, compared with group on the left