Fig. 2

Biocompatibility of CS-IGF-1C hydrogel. a BLI revealed that CS-IGF-1C hydrogel enhanced the proliferation of hP-MSCs. b Quantitative analysis of BLI signals. The signal activity expressed as photons/sec/cm²/steradian. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 versus control; ^#P < 0.05, ^##P < 0.01 versus CS. c Anti-apoptotic effects of CS-IGF-1C hydrogel. BLI analysis data revealed that CS-IGF-1C hydrogel promoted hP-MSCs survival upon the exposure to H₂O₂ (500 μM). hP-MSCs cultured with medium only, CS, or CS-IGF-1C hydrogel, and then exposed to H₂O₂ for 4 h. d Quantification of BLI signals displayed that CS-IGF-1C hydrogel could rescue the oxidative stress of hP-MSCs after H₂O₂ treatment. e Real-time quantitative PCR test showed the expression of apoptosis-related genes expression of hP-MSCs after treated with H₂O₂ (500 μM) for 4 h. All data were shown as means ± SEM in triplicate assays. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs normal; ^#P < 0.05, ^##P < 0.01 vs H₂O₂; ^$P < 0.05, ^$$P < 0.01 vs H₂O₂ + CS