Fig. 6
TGF-β1 played a pivotal role in ADSC-mediated gingival healing. A Clinical manifestations at the extraction site in the ADSC group and KD group. The area in the dotted line indicates the tooth extraction site. B TGF-β1 and FN relative expression in gingival and bone tissue from the KD group compared to that in the ADSC and healthy groups. *p < 0.05. C H&E and Masson staining show gingival healing. Unhealed area of the tooth extraction wound (mm2) and extraction socket subgingival collagen deposition (%) were quantified. *p < 0.05; a–b, bar = 1 mm; c–f, bar = 200 μm; g–h, bar = 50 μm. Immunohistochemistry to detect TGF-β1 (D) expression in the KD group and ADSC group and quantification of their expression in the subgingiva of the extraction socket. *p < 0.05. D a–b, bar = 1 mm; c–d, bar = 200 μm; c’–d’, bar = 20 μm. The rectangular line shows the magnified area. The results are representative of three independent experiments