Fig. 9

Schematic diagram of silicate-induced blockage of autophagic flux. The silicate enters the BMSCs and induces the enhancement of HDAC6 activity and expression. HDAC6 further leads to the deacetylation of α-tubulin, resulting in the depolymerization of the microtubule. The autophagosomes cannot be transported to fuse with lysosomes as the microtubule disruption, which eventually leads to the blockage of autophagic flux